Atopic Eczema

What is Atopic eczema/ Dermatitis?

Atopic eczema is a very common skin condition which causes a dry, itchy and red rash. The term ‘eczema’ is used interchangeably with ‘dermatitis’ and refers to inflammation of the skin. It is common in babies and children but can occur at any age.

Patients with atopic eczema may have different types of rashes depending on the severity. All, however, will experience itch. Sometimes, the rashes may appear as red scaly patches on the neck and skin at joints on the limbs. In others, it may appear on the face. For patients with severe atopic eczema, the entire body can be covered with red rashes.

How should I take care of my skin if I have atopic eczema?

1) Avoid scratching, rubbing and picking the skin. This aggravates the eczema and may also lead to unsightly pigmentation, open wounds and scars.

2) Avoid irritant soaps and detergents. Use gentle soaps or soap substitutes instead.

3) Moisturise the skin frequently. Moisturisers are safe and should be applied liberally and frequently throughout the day.

4) Certain clothing materials such as wool and linen tend to irritate the skin while materials like cotton are more comfortable for the atopic skin.

5) When in a dry and cold environment, it is important to keep the skin well moisturised to prevent flaring of the eczema

How is atopic eczema treated?

Topical medication like topical steroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors are commonly used for treating atopic eczema. Patients with atopic eczema are more prone to bacterial and viral skin infections. These need treatment with oral antibiotics or antiviral medication. For patients with severe atopic eczema, phototherapy, oral or injection medication may be needed.